402

1030 HISTORICAL ANNOTATION

attended and spoke at meetings celebrating the issuance of the Emancipation
Proclamation that were held on 1-2 January 1863 in Boston's Tremont Temple and
Twelfth Baptist Church, Lib., 2 January 1863; DM, 4:796-97 (February 1863);
Holland, Frederick Douglass, 294-95; Quarles, Frederick Douglass, 199-201; idem,
Negro in the Civil War, 171-74.

466.1 should have its pound of flesh] An allusion to Merchant of Venice, sc. 18,
line 2105.

466.11 wounded in the house of his friends] Zech. 13:6.

466.33-36 "A spade ... what you will."] An adaptation of the opening and refrain
from Thomas Hood's "The Lay of the Laborer." Thomas Hood, The Poetical Works
of Thomas Hood (Boston, 1857), 132-35.

467.12 Lincoln was met by a tremendous crisis] Abraham Lincoln was inaugu-
rated on 4 March 1861; the first military confrontation of the Civil War occurred at
Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina, on 12 April 1861. Boatner, Civil War
Dictionary, 15, 299-300.

467.15-16 the Union was practically dissolved;] Within a few weeks of Abraham
Lincoln's electoral victory in 1860, South Carolina seceded, its legislature having
passed the ordinance of secession on 20 December 1860 by a vote of 169 to 0. In the
remaining months before Lincoln's inauguration on 4 March 1861, six other states left
the Union: Mississippi (9 January), Florida (10 January), Georgia (19 January),
Louisiana (26 January), and Texas (1 February). Ransom, Conflict and Compromise,
164-65; Stampp, And the War Came, 5-7, 13, 136; Hinks and McKivigan, Antislavery
and Abolition, 604-06.

467.20-21 His predecessor in office] James Buchanan.

467.32 "Let the Union slide."] Nathaniel P. Banks of Maine, speaker of the House
of Representatives of the 34th Congress, was purported to have expressed this senti-
ment in 1855. New York Times, 25 December 1855; Joshua R. Giddings, History of
the Rebellion: Its Authors and Causes (New York, 1864).

467.33 Union maintained by the sword] On 9 November 1860, an editorial in the
New York Tribune stated: "We never hope to live in a republic whereof one section is
pinned to another by bayonets." Robert S. Harper, Lincoln and the Press (New York,
1951), 101.

469.2-3 from a speech ... of colored people] Although the anniversary of the
emancipation from slavery in the British colonies is 1 August. Douglass's address in
Elmira, New York, was actually delivered during the afternoon of 3 August 1880 as
part of the city's day-long combined celebration of West Indian Emancipation and the
Emancipation Proclamation. The day's activities began at dawn with a gun salute fol-
lowed by prayer meetings at the African Union Methodist Protestant Church and the
A.M.E. Zion Church at 10:00 a.m., another gun salute at 11:00 a.m., and a procession
from Temperance Hall to Hoffman's Grove, the site of Douglass's address. Fifteen
delegations, including the Colored Veterans of the Civil War, the Elmira Colored
Y.M.C.A., and the Masons, marched with Douglass to the grove. The Reverend M. E.