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Angela Varesano
7/20/72
Joe Charnigo

The father's duties besides work were gardening in the food garden, fixing fences and boardwalks, and replacing the window panes.

His father repaired signs. He had a stand with different sizes of shoes. A pattern was made from paper and put on the leather to cut it and replace the sole.

He remembers one time when he was a kid, he got a cut on the "fat" of the thumb. His father got a candle and dripped the hot wax on it and bandaged it. At the time "there was no doctor around to make stitches."

For a sore throat he got hot soot from the stove, rolled it up in a cloth, and put it on his neck.

Emory Nicholas' mother used to set bones and boil herbs. She died when Joe was eleven.

His father's other duties were picking coal. He took the kids out to pick coal. He took the kids out for berries after work to help get money for the family. He also would shovel snow before work in the morning.

"I still always say, 'A wife is a man's right hand'," because she has to run the household.

His father toook the kids down to Sandy Valley for grapes.
They also went down for apples. They just took the stuff; they didn't ask permission, stole.