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Chemistry Lecture 21st [6?]
It has been stated before that Natural science is divided
into two branches: one of these has already been [treated?]
of under the head of Natural Philosophy by the other Chemistry we are
now about to commence upon. The phenomena produced by the
latter are easily distingued from those of the former; those
are a change of place and are accompanied by sensible motion:
Carbonic and gas, the first affirmed body besides atmospheric
air was discovered by Dr. Black in 1756; indeed all the most
important discoveries in chemistry are of comparitively recent
date. A few years since it was ascertained that [actual?]
charcoal obtained by burning bones in the same way as wood
was excellent for purifying sugar. The coal after use was considered
useless, but the person whose business it was to remove it discovered
in in some [refuse?] sugar and from this he obtained vinegar.
The charcoal after the second process was supposed to be utterly
useless yet a physician in Phila [Philadelphia] a friend of the lecturer
and a farmer, by analysis found in it phosphate of [?]; he
then applied it to his land and obtained the results which
every farmer knows will [plow?] its application so worthless
as an old shoe to make prussiat of potash By
Chemist[ry?] the science of medicine has advanced very much, Dumas
found that by the bite of a certain red ant was very painful; he and
Licbig analyzed the ant and obtained a substance which
they formed formic acid from this though obtained in a
different manner is chloriform procured which has been used
with such wonderfull success in surgical operations. These